从遣词，造句，谋篇三个方面分析

　　遣词的原则：

　　使用高等级词汇及短语,如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中，有意识的强化“复杂，高级”这两个概念，使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描述人物的词汇为例：

　　表达人物爱憎感情：like, love, be interested in, be fond of…hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in…happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened…

　　介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价：He became famous for his new theory. The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader. We regard Li Fei as our model. Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit. People spoke highly of him and all respected him.

　　常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的词语good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted/near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.

　　造句的原则：

　　句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。

　　英语基本句型及造句:

　　主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句) The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west. We get up early every morning. The meeting lasted 2 hours.

　　主语+不及物动词+副词This kind of wine drinks well and sells well. The suit wears well. Glass breaks easily.

　　主语+谓语+介词+宾语We all agreed on the terms. He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters. All these things are to be answered for.

　　主语+系动词+形容词Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed. Your explanation sounds reasonable.

　　主语+谓语+直接宾语I want your promise. Have your fixed my watch? This factory produces 1000 cars a week.

　　主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语He paid me a visit yesterday. He owed me 50 yuan. He wrote his family a letter yesterday.

　　主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(to do) I will get someone to repair the recorder for you. I didn’t mean to hurt you. He invited me to teach at a well-known university.

　　主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(do) I often hear her sing the song. The boss made workers work 15 hours a day. Don’t forget to have him come.

　　主语+谓语+现在分词I heard her singing in the next room. We could feel our heats beating fast. Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?

　　主语+谓语+过去分词I must have my watch repaired. We must get he task finished on time. Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.

　　主语+谓语+宾语(动名词) I suggested putting off the meeting. They all avoided mentioning the matter. We can’t help laughing at the news.

　　主语+谓语+宾语(不定式) I can’t afford to buy such a large house. Don’t pretend to know what you don’t. He feared to speak in her presence.

　　主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语Nothing can prevent us from going forward. Thank you for your help. He demanded an answer from me.

　　练习写好句子的方法一：合并句子It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers. Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden. A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide. A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.

　　写好句子的方法二：改写句子1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语) 1) The book cost me 300 yuan. Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses. 2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…结构改写句子) The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.

　　练习方法三：一句多译这本书花了我300元。I spent 300 yuan on the book. I paid 300 yuan for the book. The price of the book is 300 yuan. It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.

　　我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming. I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming. I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming. I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming. I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming. I know no more English than Li Ming does. I know as little English as Li Ming does.

　　一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen. As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.

　　昨天下午他才来。He came here yesterday afternoon. He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon. Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here. It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here. It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.

　　谋篇的原则：

　　满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合，是无法达到有效表达的目的。常见的句子之间的连接手段有：使用代词指代上一句中的名词重复使用上一句中的词使用连接词使用平行结构高考大纲中常用的连接词:

　　表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,

　　表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first…whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others,

　　表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,

　　表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,

　　表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,

　　表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last,表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,

　　表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,

　　表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth

　　表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary.等等。

　　还有分词短语、复合句等。特别要注意谓语用什么基本时态以及前后的时态呼应，注意句子与句子之间的有机联系，段落与段落之间的自然过渡。这样既能显示出你的高中水平，又能使文章层次清楚，文理通顺、结构严密紧凑，衔接自然。这样只要要点全，准确无误，语句通顺流畅那就是高水平、高档次的作文。